Ancient Greek Poetry

There may have been a time when, besides therespect.
epic and the two species of poetry HesiodIt was a long time before the old poetry gave
represented, the Greeks had only folk songs withway to new forms, this event occurring only
refrains. Following this mythopoeic, religious,after all imaginable contents had been poured into
seasonal, and festival art, the lyric arose as athe old forms. Greek poetry grew slowly and
spontaneous creation, not like the poetry ofconsistently, each order giving way when its
Occidental nations that at the very least had Latinseason of fruition was over. No foreign literature,
church hymns as models. The elegy may wellno religion with foreign imagery, interrupted this
have appeared as a great innovation, even as adevelopment; hence we shall proceed in
kind of debasement.accordance with the development of the various
Modern lyric poetry contrasts most sharply withforms.
the Greek, recognizing hardly any set limits orA large number of poets enjoyed renown from
laws and seeking to escape discipline for pleasure.the outset, and though their works were topical
Greek lyric poetry on the other hand was, by itsand involved in contemporary affairs, their names
connection with singing and conviviality, withendured. Complete collections of their works were
dancing and instrumental music, bound to detailedmade early, and it is a misfortune that apart from
standards of composition and performance, beingPindar and the tragedians so little has survived.
thereby protected against sublimation intoLater Greeks possessed these works intact and
nothingness.consciously treasured them as significant cultural
Our discussion of Greek poetry does not claim todevelopments.
be a clearly arranged literary survey; we shall dealPoetry accorded with the life of the individual as
with poesy only as a free expression of life andwell as with that of the nation; it was not faced
as a cultural force in the nation. The individualwith a division into the educated and the
states and social castes took part in many ways,uneducated, being accessible to every freeborn
now here, now there, now stressing this aspect,Greek. Its original source was the body of myths
now that. Beginning with the epic bards, poetry fellknown to rich and poor alike, as were the rites of
into all sorts of hands but remained a high artworship; yet it remained a sublime art.
nonetheless, its forms commanding the utmost